What does the term 'financial independence' mean?

The term 'financial independence' refers to the status of having sufficient personal wealth to live without having to work actively for basic necessities. This means that a person has accumulated enough assets or alternative income sources—such as investments, rental income, or other passive income streams—so that they do not need to rely on a traditional job to cover their living expenses. Achieving financial independence allows individuals the freedom to make choices about their lifestyles without being constrained by financial pressures, enabling them to pursue interests, passions, or even retirement at an earlier age.

The other options do not fully capture the essence of financial independence. While purchasing luxury items might be a sign of wealth, it does not address the core principle of not needing to work for a living. Obligations to save or invest are important for financial health but do not define financial independence itself. Thus, the correct understanding revolves around having the means to sustain oneself without active income.